Buildings with lofts - The best house floor plans with loft. Find small cabin layouts w/loft, modern farmhouse home designs with loft & more! Call 1-800-913-2350 for expert support.

 
Dreamhouse Modern Farmhouse Plan by DreamHomeSource.com. A true masterpiece of craftsman style with modern flair from DreamHomeSource.com. Dimensions: Depth : 75′ Height : 35′ Width : 62′. Square Footage: 1st Floor: 1905 sq/ft height 10′ 2nd Floor: 1281 sq/ft height 9′ Garage: 509 sq/ft. With a metal roof and optional panels, this .... Loader.gif

Sep 4, 2023 · Another is 24'x28' with optional garages or workshops for the sides. The last is a big 24'x42' building with add-ons for garage spaces, workshops or more storage for the sides or across the back. All have full lofts with full stairs, outside hatch doors and barn-style hoists to lift bulky items. The above 2 images depict a home with a walkway leading to a loft sitting room. The loft space is fenced in with a glass railing which provides unobstructed views of the main floor. Here’s a large living space with a fun loft. It’s big enough to work well as an office, but not so big that it encroaches on the room.The Wooden Lofted Barn Shed. The Wooden Lofted Barn Shed includes standard features like pressure-treated wood siding for extra security and protection. The metal lofted shed barn comes with a variety of color options, over 20! And the lofted barn shed is a great option that won’t break the bank. You can finally have a clutter-free backyard ...Nov 10, 2022 · The above 2 images depict a home with a walkway leading to a loft sitting room. The loft space is fenced in with a glass railing which provides unobstructed views of the main floor. Here’s a large living space with a fun loft. It’s big enough to work well as an office, but not so big that it encroaches on the room. Select “garage plans.”. Choose “garage plans with loft.”. You’ll see a collection of plans arranged for you in pages. Click on any of them to get more details about the plan. See a sketch of the blueprint for the garage by clicking "Quick Plan View." You can also view many specifications and pricing details for each plan. General Steel buildings are produced using only high-quality steel that adheres to the industry’s most stringent technical specifications for strength and durability. General Steel’s metal barn buildings resist the elements and protect your property investments. A steel building from General Steel goes up fast and is virtually maintenance ...Sheds with Lofts increase storage space without adding the square footage. Garden Sheds with lofts are great for maximizing your storage capacity. From backyard workshops to a simple backyard storage shed. Shed lofts offer another whole level of storage space many people never consider. 12′ X 32′ Garage Shed | Ottawa, Ontario.Nov 13, 2021 · What Is A Lofted Shed? To specify, sheds with lofts are not the same as two-story sheds. Two-story sheds could be thought of as “glorified lofts.” Two-story sheds can be transferred into sheds with loft apartments, rooms, and more, while lofted sheds are much more specific to storage. barn loft shed. Adding a barn loft to your storage shed can greatly expand the amount of space it can hold. A standard 12' long Standard Barn and Deluxe Barn style both have the option of adding a loft. The loft floor is the full width of the building, with an in-loft height of five feet.Nov 10, 2022 · The above 2 images depict a home with a walkway leading to a loft sitting room. The loft space is fenced in with a glass railing which provides unobstructed views of the main floor. Here’s a large living space with a fun loft. It’s big enough to work well as an office, but not so big that it encroaches on the room. The Attic MaxiBarn Two-Car Garage’s loft area is easily accessible with its 36” stairway and rough wood safety railing. It comes standard with two 30×40” insulated screened windows with shutters. It also includes a prehung 3’ single door, and two 9×7 raised panel garage doors. (With the exception of our 20’-wide garages, which come ...36. The Valhalla. SimBLISSity’s 344-square-foot Valhalla tiny home is a breathtaking tiny house which includes two lofts. The living room features some eclectic touches including colorful cushions and pillows on the couch and ornate décor above where one of the lofts is situated.Using your unit for anything other than simple storage increases its costs. The average pole building costs $4,000 to $50,000. Flooring, doors, and insulation push the price between $2,000 and $20,000 above the standard estimates. A 40×80 pole-based home with a porch and loft ranges between $50,000 and $60,000.Some of our finished options include: Electrical. Plumbing. HVAC ( Mr. Cool mini-split system) Spray foam or fiberglass bat insulation. Rustic oak laminate flooring. Interior framing. Pine beadboard & 1x4 pine trim. Many more options available for our finished portable buildings!Select “garage plans.”. Choose “garage plans with loft.”. You’ll see a collection of plans arranged for you in pages. Click on any of them to get more details about the plan. See a sketch of the blueprint for the garage by clicking "Quick Plan View." You can also view many specifications and pricing details for each plan.Beautiful Sheds and Garages that Provide Living Space. You need more Space for Life but adding onto the house will cost a fortune and a customized garage also carries a large price tag. With a Prefab Garage that includes space for an apartment, you get the storage space you need plus a place to call home. We have helped numerous customers build ...They have bent spacing that can be utilized many different ways. You are only limited by a few simple design elements. Below you will find several different designs. Feel free to browse and dream about your barn. 24x30 Dairy Barn. 20x30 Gambrel Barn. 20x30 Sugar Shack. 22x30 Gambrel Barn. 40x50 Horse Barn.Lofts For Sale. Search all lofts for sale near you. Narrow your search to find the perfect modern industrial loft or connect with a specialist today at 855-713-2642.At Sheds Unlimited, we build custom storage sheds so it is difficult to put a fixed price on a single shed. However, we do offer a “starting at” price which gives people a better understanding of the price. Note: all prices below are for wood siding. 12×30 Standard Workshop: $7,935. 12×30 Classic Workshop: $9,388.The Wooden Lofted Barn Shed. The Wooden Lofted Barn Shed includes standard features like pressure-treated wood siding for extra security and protection. The metal lofted shed barn comes with a variety of color options, over 20! And the lofted barn shed is a great option that won’t break the bank. You can finally have a clutter-free backyard ... Get free shipping on qualified Loft Barns products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Storage & Organization Department. ... Ravenna 32 ft. x 16 ft. Outdoor ... Oct 18, 2022 - Checkout these sheds with lofts you can build with shedking's shed plans and ideas from other pinners. Shed plans by shedking come complete with detailed building blueprints, construction guide, materials list, email support, and 3d virtual reality building models. Mar 22, 2020 · Small Modern Eco-Cabin Plans with a Loft “Nova”. Total floor area: 524 ft². Loft: 124 ft². Porch: 105 ft². DIY building cost: $36,800. Eco-friendly green living often means a small carbon footprint and Eco-Cabin Nova is indeed small. It is obvious that a one-bedroom house can be much greener than 10 bedrooms mansion. The Attic MaxiBarn Two-Car Garage’s loft area is easily accessible with its 36” stairway and rough wood safety railing. It comes standard with two 30×40” insulated screened windows with shutters. It also includes a prehung 3’ single door, and two 9×7 raised panel garage doors. (With the exception of our 20’-wide garages, which come ...Talk to Us Now For Best Prices on Metal Buildings with Living Quarters. Call Now. +1 (877) 277-3060. 8'w x 10'l Small Barn Plans. This cute little barn is 8x10, has plenty of room in the loft area for storage, features a sturdy shed floor built with all treated lumber and floor joists 12" o.c. More information on this 8x10 small barn. Download now for $12.95 using the 'add to cart' button below.The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Building with a loft", 4 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . Enter a Crossword Clue.Build Your Garage Loft With Metal Pro Buildings. 100% Canadian owned and operated company in Ontario, ranking highest in the prefabricated steel building industry. We use AZ180 steel for all of our buildings, it is the highest grade steel in the industry. Every kit comes with 3 sets of certified engineered plans and foundation drawings stamped ...The Lofted Barn Cabin provides both storage and a covered porch area offering a unique cabin style layout. Overhead lofts provide storage space without increasing the footprint of the building, and the 3 windows provide additional lighting and/or ventilation. Building Width. Choose an option 10' 12' 14' 16' 8'. Building Length.20-ft x 10-ft Metal 2-car Garage Building. Model # 62680. 75. • 1-3/8 in all steel frame with DuPont thermoset baked on, powder coat finish will not chip, peel, rust or corrode. • 5-rib, 5 spacing design delivers ultimate strength, ease of installation, portability and best in category value. • Triple-layer, rip-stop fabric is 100% ...Small Barn Plans. This miniature barn is ideal for anyone working with limited space. The barn occupies a 12-by-16 area which will cost considerably less than the average-size barn we’re used to seeing with 12-by-20 pole barn plans. Find the plans at My Outdoor Plans.Select “garage plans.”. Choose “garage plans with loft.”. You’ll see a collection of plans arranged for you in pages. Click on any of them to get more details about the plan. See a sketch of the blueprint for the garage by clicking "Quick Plan View." You can also view many specifications and pricing details for each plan. The International Codes (IBC – International Building Code and IRC – International Residential Code) do allow for finished ceiling heights as low as 7’6” throughout buildings (as well as seven foot in bathrooms and kitchens), however the lower height increases the amount of work as well as waste. So, two eight foot high ceilings add up ...Detached Garage. Post-frame garages designed and constructed by Morton are strong like steel, as comfortable as wood, and as low-maintenance as concrete. They are quick to build, virtually maintenance free, energy saving, and long lasting. Between efficiency in building and efficiency in owning, your decision to build an insulated steel garage ...Apr 29, 2022 · The national average cost to build a loft apartment is $90,000 to $450,000, with most people paying around $275,000 for a 1,000 sq.ft. soft loft addition on the top floor of an existing building. This project’s low cost is $12,000 to add a loft bedroom to an existing apartment. The high cost is $1,100,000 for building a two-story loft in a ... 20-ft x 10-ft Metal 2-car Garage Building. Model # 62680. 75. • 1-3/8 in all steel frame with DuPont thermoset baked on, powder coat finish will not chip, peel, rust or corrode. • 5-rib, 5 spacing design delivers ultimate strength, ease of installation, portability and best in category value. • Triple-layer, rip-stop fabric is 100% ...The International Codes (IBC – International Building Code and IRC – International Residential Code) do allow for finished ceiling heights as low as 7’6” throughout buildings (as well as seven foot in bathrooms and kitchens), however the lower height increases the amount of work as well as waste. So, two eight foot high ceilings add up ...Using your unit for anything other than simple storage increases its costs. The average pole building costs $4,000 to $50,000. Flooring, doors, and insulation push the price between $2,000 and $20,000 above the standard estimates. A 40×80 pole-based home with a porch and loft ranges between $50,000 and $60,000.Select “garage plans.”. Choose “garage plans with loft.”. You’ll see a collection of plans arranged for you in pages. Click on any of them to get more details about the plan. See a sketch of the blueprint for the garage by clicking "Quick Plan View." You can also view many specifications and pricing details for each plan.2 Bed, 1 Bath. Overall Building. 40×40 = 1600 Sq Ft. Living Quarters. 40×20 = 800 Sq Ft. Workspace. 40×20 = 800 Sq Ft. Sunward Does Not Quote or Provide Interior Build Outs. Includes: Unassembled Primary and Secondary Materials, Manufacturer Standard 26 ga Hi-Rib Wall and Roof Sheeting, Proprietary Siphon Groove Technology on Sheeting ... Lofted Barn Shed. This lofted barn shed is a barn-style shed that provides ample space for storage thanks to the two overhead lofts on either end. Put your lawn and garden equipment on the bottom floor of this lofted barn shed and you’ll still have plenty of space to store seasonal decorations, family heirlooms, boxes of documents, and ...Storage Shed Lofts. Lofts are the easiest way to increase your storage shed’s capacity without increasing square footage. By storing things vertically, you instantly add more cubic feet of usable space to the same building footprint. We offer lofts on all our Standard and Deluxe barns over 12′ long. Thanks to the way we’ve designed our ... Apr 7, 2023 - Explore Randy Sebring's board "Pole barns with living quarters" on Pinterest. See more ideas about pole barn homes, building a house, metal building homes. Get free shipping on qualified Loft Barns products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Storage & Organization Department. ... Ravenna 32 ft. x 16 ft. Outdoor ...Barndominium Floor Plan Example 1 – PL-61501. PL-61501. This one is 100×45 and features 3 bedrooms, 2 and a half baths, and a small loft. The first thing you’ll notice on the floor plans is the MASSIVE shop! This is huge for anyone looking to have a work area part of their home.This Leonard 10x16 barn shed is built like a house with stud walls 16" on center with OSB. The perfect outdoor storage shed, it is covered in high-quality LP SmartSide wood siding. The roof is metal, and the shed features a double 36" Leonard made door and 2 lofts. We will deliver this unit to your backyard fully constructed for free within the ... wooden storage buildings with loft. Adding a loft to a wooden storage building can add a lot of extra storage space to your home. The Loft is perfect for storing things like outdoor chairs, boxes, and more. Northwood sheds with a gambrel style roof are available in 14' and 16' lengths. The standard barns include a 2nd-level loft. Quality Lofted Barn Cabins. Graceland Portable Buildings aims at creating portable lofted barn cabins that are fully customized to meet the unique needs of our customers. We use top-quality materials and craftsmanship to ensure the barns are durable and last longer. Furthermore, Graceland’s structures meet and even exceed the stringiest ... The Lofted Barn Cabin provides both storage and a covered porch area offering a unique cabin style layout. Overhead lofts provide storage space without increasing the footprint of the building, and the 3 windows provide additional lighting and/or ventilation. Building Width. Choose an option 10' 12' 14' 16' 8'. Building Length.People are increasingly looking for more flexible and open spaces, so we have put together a selection of 25 lofts that provide different approaches to these environments: either by creating a...Sheds with loft are often tall and narrow. The height of the loft can range from four to five feet. Some plans have stairs, but you should make them low so that the loft remains usable for storage. Also, if you are building a lean-to, you must cut angle cuts on the front and back walls.Get free shipping on qualified Loft Wood Sheds products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Storage & Organization Department. ... Hud-1 EZ Buildings. Best ...44x46 Vertical Roof Metal Barn. Starting At: $16410. SKU: BC- 4446139VRB. REQUEST PRICE. +1 (980) 321-9898.4,671 plans found! Plan Images Floor Plans Trending Hide Filters House Plans with Lofts A house plan with a loft typically includes a living space on the upper level that overlooks the space below and can be used as an additional bedroom, office, or den. Lofts vary in size and may have sloped ceilings that conform with the roof above.Select “garage plans.”. Choose “garage plans with loft.”. You’ll see a collection of plans arranged for you in pages. Click on any of them to get more details about the plan. See a sketch of the blueprint for the garage by clicking "Quick Plan View." You can also view many specifications and pricing details for each plan.Dreamhouse Modern Farmhouse Plan by DreamHomeSource.com. A true masterpiece of craftsman style with modern flair from DreamHomeSource.com. Dimensions: Depth : 75′ Height : 35′ Width : 62′. Square Footage: 1st Floor: 1905 sq/ft height 10′ 2nd Floor: 1281 sq/ft height 9′ Garage: 509 sq/ft. With a metal roof and optional panels, this ...Build Your Garage Loft With Metal Pro Buildings. 100% Canadian owned and operated company in Ontario, ranking highest in the prefabricated steel building industry. We use AZ180 steel for all of our buildings, it is the highest grade steel in the industry. Every kit comes with 3 sets of certified engineered plans and foundation drawings stamped ... All high loft barns come with double 67”x72" wooden doors. Comes with a 3" Aluminum Tread plate in all door ways. One 36" steel entry door. 2"x6" T&G treated floors. Header above doors. 2"x10" top wall plate. Full loft/2nd floor with stairs. 2"x6" Roof trusses. 2"x6" Fascia.44x46 Vertical Roof Metal Barn. Starting At: $16410. SKU: BC- 4446139VRB. REQUEST PRICE. +1 (980) 321-9898.Dreamhouse Modern Farmhouse Plan by DreamHomeSource.com. A true masterpiece of craftsman style with modern flair from DreamHomeSource.com. Dimensions: Depth : 75′ Height : 35′ Width : 62′. Square Footage: 1st Floor: 1905 sq/ft height 10′ 2nd Floor: 1281 sq/ft height 9′ Garage: 509 sq/ft. With a metal roof and optional panels, this ...6. Loft in a Former Flour Mill in Denver. Located in Denver, Colorado, the Flour Mill Lofts, as this structure is called, opened its doors in 1999 and offers, among others, this amazing fourth floor loft. The building was originally created back in 1906 and its function was to store and process Colorado’s bumper wheat crops.Optional full width loft; Frame for pre hung doors and windows; Optional configurations will require additional materials from what is listed here. These sheds look great! And the 16×32 gambrel barn style roof offers lots of additional storage in the loft area. Materials & Cut List, 16×32 Gambrel Barn Shed PlansOur extra-large wooden utility buildings come with a 100% satisfaction guarantee plus delivery and installation are included. Filter by Style. Filter by Style. Answers for Buildings with lofts crossword clue, 5 letters. Search for crossword clues found in the Daily Celebrity, NY Times, Daily Mirror, Telegraph and major publications. Find clues for Buildings with lofts or most any crossword answer or clues for crossword answers. Heartland builds carries classic gable sheds, modern lean-to style sheds, workshop style tack room or ranch sheds, barnstyle gambrel sheds, smaller garden sheds, and even big buildings with 2 floors and up to 6160 cubic feet of storage. The way you plan to use your shed will impact how many square feet of floor space you need and also how you ... The Attic MaxiBarn Two-Car Garage’s loft area is easily accessible with its 36” stairway and rough wood safety railing. It comes standard with two 30×40” insulated screened windows with shutters. It also includes a prehung 3’ single door, and two 9×7 raised panel garage doors. (With the exception of our 20’-wide garages, which come ... 4,671 plans found! Plan Images Floor Plans Trending Hide Filters House Plans with Lofts A house plan with a loft typically includes a living space on the upper level that overlooks the space below and can be used as an additional bedroom, office, or den. Lofts vary in size and may have sloped ceilings that conform with the roof above.What are some of the most reviewed products in Large ( >101 sq. ft.) Sheds? Some of the most reviewed products in Large ( >101 sq. ft.) Sheds are the Best Barns Northwood 10 ft. x 14 ft. Wood Storage Shed Kit with Floor including 4 x 4 Runners with 8 reviews, and the Best Barns Belmont 12 ft. x 24 ft. Wood Storage Shed Kit with Floor Including 4 x 4 Runners with 3 reviews.Sheds with loft are often tall and narrow. The height of the loft can range from four to five feet. Some plans have stairs, but you should make them low so that the loft remains usable for storage. Also, if you are building a lean-to, you must cut angle cuts on the front and back walls.Answers for Buildings with lofts crossword clue, 5 letters. Search for crossword clues found in the Daily Celebrity, NY Times, Daily Mirror, Telegraph and major publications. Find clues for Buildings with lofts or most any crossword answer or clues for crossword answers. 20-ft x 10-ft Metal 2-car Garage Building. Model # 62680. 75. • 1-3/8 in all steel frame with DuPont thermoset baked on, powder coat finish will not chip, peel, rust or corrode. • 5-rib, 5 spacing design delivers ultimate strength, ease of installation, portability and best in category value. • Triple-layer, rip-stop fabric is 100% ...Aug 5, 2023 · It uses stones for its base to prop the building and wood to be the poles that help in steadying the roof. What might fascinates you is its location on top of a hill, seen from how slope the way behind the building. Its natural surrounding reminds people of villas by mountain area. 10. Modern Metal Barndominium. Tiny Log Cabins - less than 1000 sq ft. Tiny log cabins, each with their own unique cozy charm. All under 1,000 square feet, these cabin floor plans range from one to three-bedroom configurations with distinctive and functional second-story lofts. Browse the log cabin floor plans below to learn more about our Small Cabin Series and the layout ...Mar 22, 2020 · Small Modern Eco-Cabin Plans with a Loft “Nova”. Total floor area: 524 ft². Loft: 124 ft². Porch: 105 ft². DIY building cost: $36,800. Eco-friendly green living often means a small carbon footprint and Eco-Cabin Nova is indeed small. It is obvious that a one-bedroom house can be much greener than 10 bedrooms mansion. Quality Lofted Barn Cabins. Graceland Portable Buildings aims at creating portable lofted barn cabins that are fully customized to meet the unique needs of our customers. We use top-quality materials and craftsmanship to ensure the barns are durable and last longer. Furthermore, Graceland’s structures meet and even exceed the stringiest ... Lofts Dog & Cat Friendly Fitness Center Pool Dishwasher Refrigerator In Unit Washer & Dryer Clubhouse. (206) 210-3131. Marq West Seattle. 3261 SW Avalon Way, Seattle, WA 98126. Videos. Virtual Tour. $1,472 - 10,000. Studio - 2 Beds. Lofts Dog & Cat Friendly Fitness Center Dishwasher Refrigerator Kitchen In Unit Washer & Dryer Clubhouse.The Lofted Barn Cabin provides both storage and a covered porch area offering a unique cabin style layout. Overhead lofts provide storage space without increasing the footprint of the building, and the 3 windows provide additional lighting and/or ventilation. Building Width. Choose an option 10' 12' 14' 16' 8'. Building Length.

20-ft x 10-ft Metal 2-car Garage Building. Model # 62680. 75. • 1-3/8 in all steel frame with DuPont thermoset baked on, powder coat finish will not chip, peel, rust or corrode. • 5-rib, 5 spacing design delivers ultimate strength, ease of installation, portability and best in category value. • Triple-layer, rip-stop fabric is 100% .... 1v4

buildings with lofts

Get free shipping on qualified Loft Barns products or Buy Online Pick Up in Store today in the Storage & Organization Department. ... Ravenna 32 ft. x 16 ft. Outdoor ... July 24, 2023 A loft is an apartment featuring an open floor plan, high ceilings, and very few interior walls. Square footage typically ranges from 1,000-2,000ft². Embarking on the quest for your perfect abode unveils a plethora of choices: from cozy apartments to inviting townhouses, and a vast spectrum in between.Apr 29, 2022 · The national average cost to build a loft apartment is $90,000 to $450,000, with most people paying around $275,000 for a 1,000 sq.ft. soft loft addition on the top floor of an existing building. This project’s low cost is $12,000 to add a loft bedroom to an existing apartment. The high cost is $1,100,000 for building a two-story loft in a ... At Sheds Unlimited, we build custom storage sheds so it is difficult to put a fixed price on a single shed. However, we do offer a “starting at” price which gives people a better understanding of the price. Note: all prices below are for wood siding. 12×30 Standard Workshop: $7,935. 12×30 Classic Workshop: $9,388.Houston Loft Apartments for rent that were originally built in 1921 by William C. Hogg, developer of River Oaks and son of Jim Hogg, former Governor of Texas. The eight-story art deco building retained every inch of its... ( Read more ) $1,150.00 – $2,750.00 Select options. Some of our finished options include: Electrical. Plumbing. HVAC ( Mr. Cool mini-split system) Spray foam or fiberglass bat insulation. Rustic oak laminate flooring. Interior framing. Pine beadboard & 1x4 pine trim. Many more options available for our finished portable buildings! Jan 17, 2021 · Lofts are industrial, commercial, manufacturing, and warehouse buildings that have been converted to residential use. With their origins as industrial and commercial buildings it is fitting that you consider some Industrial Interior Design Ideas when renovating your loft apartment. I am Jorge Fontan an architect in NYC and owner of Manhattan ... General Steel buildings are produced using only high-quality steel that adheres to the industry’s most stringent technical specifications for strength and durability. General Steel’s metal barn buildings resist the elements and protect your property investments. A steel building from General Steel goes up fast and is virtually maintenance ... Small Modern Eco-Cabin Plans with a Loft “Nova”. Total floor area: 524 ft². Loft: 124 ft². Porch: 105 ft². DIY building cost: $36,800. Eco-friendly green living often means a small carbon footprint and Eco-Cabin Nova is indeed small. It is obvious that a one-bedroom house can be much greener than 10 bedrooms mansion.4,671 plans found! Plan Images Floor Plans Trending Hide Filters House Plans with Lofts A house plan with a loft typically includes a living space on the upper level that overlooks the space below and can be used as an additional bedroom, office, or den. Lofts vary in size and may have sloped ceilings that conform with the roof above.For a free quote on your new building project, give us a call at (800) 825-0316. One of our friendly representatives will be happy to talk you through the process of choosing Worldwide Steel structures. For more information on choosing between metal structures or the construction process, download our Steel Building Info Guide for more information.May 25, 2023 · Using your unit for anything other than simple storage increases its costs. The average pole building costs $4,000 to $50,000. Flooring, doors, and insulation push the price between $2,000 and $20,000 above the standard estimates. A 40×80 pole-based home with a porch and loft ranges between $50,000 and $60,000. .

Popular Topics